The bursa over the tip of the elbow reduces friction between the skin and bone. When irritated, it can fill with fluid. It is important to distinguish mechanical irritation from bacterial infection.
Increasing redness, warmth, pus discharge or fever requires prompt medical assessment.
Causes and risk factors
Prolonged leaning, a knock or repeated pressure may be triggers. Small skin injuries sometimes allow bacteria to enter. Gout and inflammatory joint conditions can also contribute.
Typical symptoms
A soft or tense swelling directly over the tip of the elbow is typical. Pressure and deep bending may hurt. Redness, warmth and significant pain can suggest infection, even without fever.
Diagnosis
We examine the skin, swelling, movement and possible signs of infection. If bacterial inflammation is suspected, targeted testing of the fluid may be necessary. Aspiration is not performed simply because swelling is visible.
Non-surgical treatment
Without infection, pressure relief, padding and temporary activity changes often help. Medication is selected according to tolerability. A bacterial infection requires targeted medical treatment, often with antibiotics. Do not attempt to puncture the swelling yourself.
Surgical options
Removal of the bursa may be considered for persistent or recurrent significant swelling. An infection containing pus may require surgical drainage. Timing and technique depend on the skin condition and extent of infection.
Aftercare and rehabilitation
The skin over the elbow is exposed to considerable mechanical stress. Protection from pressure and wound checks are therefore especially important. Movement and loading are increased in a controlled way. Recurrent swelling should prompt assessment for possible underlying conditions.
Common questions
Should the bursa always be drained?
No. The benefits and risk of infection are weighed up; testing the fluid can be important if infection is suspected.
Can I keep leaning on my elbow?
Direct pressure should initially be avoided. Soft padding can help in everyday life.
Arrange a consultation
We discuss which treatment is suitable for your findings and which procedures are available within our outpatient service during a personal consultation. Outpatient operations take place at an external surgical centre.
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Further reading
Selected external resources about this condition. Some linked publications are in German.
Medical background
Sources & further information
These professional and patient resources provide further information about this condition. The text on this page is independently written.
AAOS: Elbow bursitisNHS: Elbow and arm pain